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Tomato intercropping with antagonistic species is considered a management alternative for Meloidogyne spp. The objective of the work was to evaluate the intercropping of Tagetes erecta, Tagetes minuta and Crotalaria juncea for the management of Meloidogyne spp., in tomato cultivation. The gall index and the number and weight of fruits were determined in tomato plants. Tomato intercropping with T. erecta showed a lower gall index than the rest of evaluated treatments. In addition, a higher weight and number of fruits were observed in this treatment and in the one with T. minuta, respect to the C. juncea treatment and the control without intercropping. Under the conditions of this trial, intercropping of tomato with T. erecta proved to be a good alternative for the management of Meloidoigyne spp. This practice contributes to a lesser use of phytosanitary products, with the positive effect that it has on the environment, and to the obtaining of a more innocuous horticultural product for human consumption.

Latin American reality of 2020 vegetable production and consumption, in Covid-19 times

ADVANCES IN HORTICULTURE - REVIEW | Castagnino, A.M. - Marín Castro, M.A. - Bazán, P.L. - Díaz, K.E. - Marina, J.A. - Echeverría, S. - Galizio, R. - Martinoia, G.I. - Rogers, W.J. - Díaz, H. - Reina, R. - Rubel, I. - Miranda Lasprilla, D.ex aequo

Tags: preferences, diet, health, market, coronavirus, kitchen garden

PDF 1.4 MB (783 downloads)

Vegetable consumption has become relevant in the present global socio-economical and sanitary context. Consequently, the need to have a dynamic diagnosis in Latin American countries arises in order to guide actions of spreading vegetable and fruit production and consumption. Therefore, a survey was carried out in 12 Latin American countries with 518 respondents. This survey was driven by the Horticulture teams of the Latin American universities: Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Argentina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), México, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL) and Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL) Argentina, within the framework of their projects and interinstitutional bonds. The survey aimed at having an updated panorama about the reality of vegetable production and consumption, preferences, habits of consumption and changes produced in the Latin American population’s diet due to the COVID-19 global pandemics. The results obtained show the existence of differences between perception and the reality of the population’s consumption generating the need to drive actions to produce coincidence of what the population believes it consumes with what it actually does, so as to have a diet rich in quantity, quality and diversity of vegetables that benefits its health and life quality and reduces the risk of developing potential illnesses.

National reality of 2020 vegetable production and consumption, in COVID-19 times

ADVANCES IN HORTICULTURE - REVIEW | Castagnino, A.M. - Díaz, K.E. - Bazán, P.L. - Luna, A. - Martinoia, G.I. - Marina, J.A. - Echeverría, S. - Galizio, R. - Rosini, M.B. - Rogers, W.J. - Rubel, I. - Benson, S. - Díaz, H. - Reina, R.ex aequo

Tags: preferences, diet, health, market, coronavirus, kitchen garden

PDF 1.5 MB (692 downloads)

In the present complex socio-economical and sanitary context, with the aim of having updated information on the national reality of vegetable production and consumption, of the Argentinian population’s preferences and consumption habits of vegetables as well as the changes produced in their diet due to the global COVID-19 pandemics, a national survey, titled “Trends in the consumption of vegetables in Argentina in Coronavirus times” was carried out obtaining 1694 responses. The Argentinian population has had a great inclination to start growing, urban family gardens in this new context; it has clear consumption preferences, it values the benefits of consuming vegetables for health reasons and considers it has an adequate proportion of vegetables in its diet. However, the survey shows that real consumption is much lower than that recommended by national and international entities arises from the survey. Therefore, there is a great asymmetry between what the population believes it consumes and what it actually eats. This fact implies intensifying actions towards raising greater awareness of these differences and promoting adequate consumption of quantity, quality and diversity of vegetables to improve well-being, reduce the risk of developing illnesses and benefit the population’s life quality by various organizations and institutions.

Panorama of the argentine horticultural sector - Part 2

Commercialization in the internal and external market

ADVANCES IN HORTICULTURE - REVIEW | Castagnino, A.M. - Díaz, K.E. - Fernández Lozano, J. - Guisolis, A. - Liverotti, O. - Rosini, M.B. ex aequo | Sasale, S.

Tags: vegetables, production, horticultural regions, characterization, production systems

PDF 1.7 MB (692 downloads)

Horticulture constitutes an engine of development for countries like Argentina that have the challenge of optimizing the consumption of vegetables in quantity and diversity, given that the plurality of species and varieties consumed is traditionally very limited. In this sense, the objective of this work is to analyze the current importance of the Argentine horticultural sector, taking as reference the information generated by the main Argentine concentrator market: Mercado Central de Buenos Aires (MCBA), where annually between 17- 20% of the national total is commercialized. The variables considered were: diversity and volume (t.ha-1) of vegetables marketed, main vegetables consumed (PHC) (potato, tomato, squash, onion and carrot) and monthly evolution of the marketing of leafy vegetables (EHH), by province and main varieties marketed, in 2018. A total of 69 species was recorded among vegetables (60) and aromatics (9). In vegetables, 80% of the total volume marketed corresponded to 5 species: potato (38%), tomato (14%), onion (12%), squash (6%), carrot (6%), summer squash (3% ), pepper (3%); followed by lettuce, sweet potato, corn, melon, cassava, watermelon, eggplant, chard, cabbage, cucumber, spinach, beets, green onion, garlic, broccoli, parsley, green bean, celery, cauliflower, pea, arugula, leek, sweet corn , fennel, accuse, asparagus, artichoke, endive, radicheta, cabbage, bean, turnip, Brussels sprout, radish, pack-choy, chicory, salsify, mushrooms, potatoes, radicchio, radicchio, bean, endive, grelo, soybean sprout, kale, cress, ciboullete, shallot, achojcha, thistle, turmeric and chervil. Regarding aromatics, the order of importance corresponded to: basil, ginger, coriander, mint, oregano, sage, turnip, rosemary and other aromatics. Although the diversity of commercialized species is encouraging, a greater balance in consumption is a priority.

PDF 1.1 MB (836 downloads)

San Juan is in the central west of Argentina. With a mountain relief and a desert climate, agriculture is only possible in an irrigated oasis (2.36% of province area). San Juan river provides irrigation for the Tulum and Ullum-Zonda Valley and Jachal river for the Jachal-Huaco Valley. The main horticultural area is concentred in Tulum Valley where the long frost-free period allows the production of first fruit and ultimicias, and the cold winter favours vegetable seed production. Over 30 species are grown, but the most important are tomato, garlic, onion, pumpkin, asparagus and melon. A quick incorporation of pressurized irrigation systems and specialization in the different stages of production (seedlings with root ball, planting and harvest mechanization) is observed. Protected crops are not relevant and are limited to tomato, pepper and zucchini production in winter and leaf crops in summer. Vegetables are commercialized fresh in local and international markets (San Juan is the main supplier of asparagus for the central market of Buenos Aires), or industrialized (canned, frozen, dried and dehydrated) in the county. Exports represent between 17 and 21% (US $ FOB) of the country's total. It is the main producer of horticultural seeds for national and international markets.

Evaluation of squash´s cultivation starting techniques in Villa Mercedes, San Luis

HORTICULTURE | Luna, S.A. - Bazán, P.L. - Castagnino, A.M. - Escudero, A.S. - Martínez, A.N. - Funes, M.B. - Della Gaspera, P.G.

Tags: Direct seeding, Transplant, Production, Summer squash, Cucurbita

PDF 528 KB (632 downloads)

Squash, summer squash or zucchini, is grown in the green belts and major vegetable areas of the country. It is an alternative for the area of Villa Mercedes, due to the great demand of the local consumerswhich is satisfied by the neighbor provinces productions.Traditionally, Cucurbitaceaeare direct seeded at the beginning of cultivation, however the transplanting system in pots  has been increasingly used for the advantages it offers. The objective of the trial was to evaluate two techniques of starting cultivation (direct seeding and transplanting) and their effect on the performance of different genetic materials.The two implantation techniques combined with five materials of zucchini were considered as treatments: ItalianoAlargado, Italiano Redondo, ItalianoOvalado, Nutri-C INTA andVeronés INTA.The experimental design was a factorial of implantation techniques and cultivars as treatments, established in a completely randomized plot structure (2m2of four plants). The yields obtained were statistically analyzed through the InfoStat program. It was demonstrated that the best culture starting technique was by transplanting, regardless of the materials used. The material with the highest yield was Veronés INTA summer squash initiated through the pot technique and subsequent transplant with an average performance of 21.5 kilograms per plot.