In vitro morphogenesis in genus Tagetes: A review
ADVANCES IN HORTICULTURE - REVIEW | Zapata, C. - Serrato, M. - Rodríguez, J. - Guerra, D.
Tags: organogenesis, callogenesis, embryogenesis, cempoalxochitl, explants
About 50% of species of the botanical family Asteraceae have been studied in relation to their morphogenesis capacity in vitro; in the case of the genus Tagetes, only 5% of the species have been explored. Research on the in vitro culture of cells, tissues and organs of this genus was reviewed as a basic reference to explore other species, highlighting the critical role of factors involved in in vitro morphogenesis of Tagetes. Callogenesis is promoted by a ratio of auxin and cytokinin concentrations, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is a frequent inducer of callus. Another auxin used successfully has been naphthaleneacetic acid. Organogenesis is influenced by the type of growth regulators and the auxin / cytokinin ratio. The best responses have been recorded using indoleacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, benzyladenine and kinetin. The genotype is also important, since a relationship of growth regulators can induce shoots in one species or variety, but in another it can generate different responses. To induce direct organogenesis, gibberellins play an important role, since they inhibit callus formation. Embryogenesis is regulated by the auxin / cytokinin ratio; being 2,4-D, supplemented with benzyladenine the most used. These factors to induce morphogenesis basically correspond to domesticated species, and it is expected that such factors will be useful for ruderal, weed or wild species of this genus.